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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Modular curve ： ウィキペディア英語版 Modular curve In number theory and algebraic geometry, a modular curve ''Y''(Γ) is a Riemann surface, or the corresponding algebraic curve, constructed as a quotient of the complex upper half-plane H by the action of a congruence subgroup Γ of the modular group of integral 2×2 matrices SL(2, Z). The term modular curve can also be used to refer to the compactified modular curves ''X''(Γ) which are compactifications obtained by adding finitely many points (called the cusps of Γ) to this quotient (via an action on the extended complex upper-half plane). The points of a modular curve parametrize isomorphism classes of elliptic curves, together with some additional structure depending on the group Γ. This interpretation allows one to give a purely algebraic definition of modular curves, without reference to complex numbers, and, moreover, prove that modular curves are defined either over the field Q of rational numbers, or a cyclotomic field. The latter fact and its generalizations are of fundamental importance in number theory. == Analytic definition == The modular group SL(2, Z) acts on the upper half-plane by fractional linear transformations. The analytic definition of a modular curve involves a choice of a congruence subgroup Γ of SL(2, Z), i.e. a subgroup containing the principal congruence subgroup of level ''N'' Γ(''N''), for some positive integer ''N'', where :$\backslash Gamma(N)=\backslash left\backslash \; :\; \backslash \; a\; \backslash equiv\; d\; \backslash equiv\; \backslash pm\; 1\; \backslash mod\; N\; \backslash text\; b,\; c\; \backslash equiv0\; \backslash mod\; N\; \backslash right\backslash \}.$ The minimal such ''N'' is called the level of Γ. A complex structure can be put on the quotient Γ\H to obtain a noncompact Riemann surface commonly denoted ''Y''(Γ). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Modular curve」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.